In this chapter, we will explore the specific differences between the two -そう (-sou) forms for verbs of the first type (regular ru-verbs) in Japanese. It's important to note that visually, the V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) form and the V-そう (V-sou) form look identical, but their usage differs significantly. We'll clarify how they are used to express desires, observations, and speculations, and when to choose one over the other.
**Section 1: V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) Form**
1.1 **Definition and Usage:**
- The V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) form for verbs of the first type is used to express personal observations, desires, or speculations about actions or situations.
- It conveys the speaker's own beliefs, wishes, or judgments regarding the likelihood of an action.
1.2 **Forming the V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) Form for Regular Ru-verbs:**
- Remove the -ます from the verb stem.
- Add そう (sou) to the verb stem.
- Example:
- 食べます (tabemasu) becomes 食べそう (tabesou) - It looks like I/you/he/she/they will eat or I want to eat.
1.3 **Examples of Usage:**
- Personal desire: 今日、寿司を食べそうと思います。 (Kyou, sushi o tabesou to omoimasu.) - I want to eat sushi today.
- Observation: 彼は食べそうですね。 (Kare wa tabesou desu ne.) - He looks like he'll eat, doesn't he?
- Speculation about someone else's actions: 彼女は寿司を食べそうです。 (Kanojo wa sushi o tabesou desu.) - She seems like she'll eat sushi.
**Section 2: V-そう (V-sou) Form**
2.1 **Definition and Usage:**
- The V-そう (V-sou) form for verbs of the first type is used to express objective observations or hearsay information about actions or situations.
- It conveys that someone other than the speaker is likely to do something based on external information or observations.
2.2 **Forming the V-そう (V-sou) Form for Regular Ru-verbs:**
- Use the verb stem directly without modification.
- Add そう (sou) to the verb stem.
- Example:
- 食べる (taberu) becomes 食べそう (tabesou) - It looks like he/she/they will eat (based on what I've heard).
2.3 **Examples of Usage:**
- Reporting information from another source: 彼は寿司を食べそうだと言っていました。 (Kare wa sushi o tabesou da to itteimashita.) - He said he will eat sushi (based on what he said).
- Objective observation: レストランから美味しい香りがして、客たちは食べそうです。 (Resutoran kara oishii kaori ga shite, kyakutachi wa tabesou desu.) - There's a delicious smell coming from the restaurant, and it looks like the customers will eat.
Understanding the distinction between the V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) and V-そう (V-sou) forms for verbs of the first type (regular ru-verbs) is vital for effective communication in Japanese. Despite looking identical, these forms serve different purposes. The former conveys personal desires, observations, or speculations, while the latter is used to report information from external sources or make objective observations about someone else's actions involving regular ru-verbs. Mastery of these forms will allow you to convey your thoughts and feelings accurately in various situations involving regular ru-verbs.
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