**Section 1: V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) Form (e.g., hanashisou)**
1.1 **Definition and Usage:**
- The V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) form for verbs of the second type is used to express personal observations, desires, or speculations about actions or situations.
- It conveys the speaker's own beliefs, wishes, or judgments regarding the likelihood of an action.
1.2 **Forming the V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) Form for U-verbs (e.g., 話す, hanasu):**
- Remove the final -す (su) sound from the verb's ます (-ます) form.
- Add そう (sou) to the verb stem.
- Example:
- 話します (hanashimasu) becomes 話しそう (hanashisou) - It looks like I/you/he/she/they will talk or I want to talk.
1.3 **Examples of Usage:**
- Personal desire: 今日、友達と話しそうと思います。 (Kyou, tomodachi to hanashisou to omoimasu.) - I want to talk with my friends today.
- Observation: 彼は話しそうですね。 (Kare wa hanashisou desu ne.) - He looks like he'll talk, doesn't he?
- Speculation about someone else's actions: 彼女は話しそうです。 (Kanojo wa hanashisou desu.) - She seems like she'll talk.
**Section 2: V-そう (V-sou) Form (e.g., hanasou)**
2.1 **Definition and Usage:**
- The V-そう (V-sou) form for verbs of the second type is used to express objective observations or hearsay information about actions or situations.
- It conveys that someone other than the speaker is likely to do something based on external information or observations.
2.2 **Forming the V-そう (V-sou) Form for U-verbs (e.g., 話す, hanasu):**
- Use the verb stem directly without modification.
- Add そう (sou) to the verb stem.
- Example:
- 話す (hanasu) becomes 話そう (hanasou) - It looks like he/she/they will talk (based on what I've heard).
2.3 **Examples of Usage:**
- Reporting information from another source: 彼は話そうだと言っていました。 (Kare wa hanasou da to itteimashita.) - He said he will talk (based on what he said).
- Objective observation: 会議室から声が聞こえて、彼らは話そうとしているようです。 (Kaigishitsu kara koe ga kikoete, karera wa hanasou to shite iru you desu.) - I can hear voices from the conference room; it looks like they are about to talk.
Understanding the distinction between the V-ます (-ます) + そう (sou) and V-そう (V-sou) forms for verbs of the second type (u-verbs) is essential for effective communication in Japanese. The former conveys personal desires, observations, or speculations, while the latter is used to report information from external sources or make objective observations about someone else's actions involving u-verbs. This knowledge will help you convey your thoughts and feelings accurately in various situations involving u-verbs.
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